金屬激光三維打印技術的缺陷分析及其抑制對策
湯檳暉，徐婷*，孫志丹，田晉，譚業發
（陸軍工程大學 野戰工程學院，江蘇 南京 210007）
摘要：針對金屬激光三維打印過程中成形件的缺陷問題，在介紹選擇性激光燒結技術（SLS）、選擇性激光熔化技術（SLM）和激光熔化沉積技術（LMD）三種典型金屬激光三維打印技術原理和特點的基礎上，分析了成形件出現球化、孔隙和裂紋三種常見缺陷的原因，重點從粉末特性、工藝參數和后處理技術三方面敘述了抑制缺陷、改善成形件性能的對策。最后，為了進一步抑制缺陷，提出了研制新型粉末、協同運用處理技術以及研發高精度缺陷檢測技術等措施。
關鍵詞：金屬材料；激光三維打??；缺陷；工藝參數；后處理技術
中圖分類號：TG665 文獻標志碼：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2019.12.001
文章編號：1006－0316 (2019) 12－0001－08
Defect Analysis and Countermeasures of Metal Laser 3D Printing Technology
TANG Binghui，XU Ting，SUN Zhidan，TIAN Jin，TAN Yefa
( College of Field Engineering, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing 210007, China )
Abstract：Aiming at the defects of metal parts in the process of metal laser 3D printing, this paper introduces the principles and characteristics of three typical metal laser 3D printing technologies, including selective laser sintering (SLS), selective laser melting (SLM) and laser melting deposition (LMD), analyzes the causes of three common defects, including balling, pore and crack, and describes the countermeasures to control the defects and improve the properties of metal parts from the aspects of powder characteristics, process parameters and post-processing technology. Finally, in order to further restrain the defects, some measures such as the development of new powder, the synergistic application of processing technologies and the development of high precision defect detection technologies are proposed.
Key words：metal material；laser 3D printing；defects；process parameters；reprocessing technology
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收稿日期：2019－05－15
作者簡介：湯檳暉（1996－），男，河南平頂山人，碩士，主要研究方向為金屬激光三維打印。*通訊作者：徐婷（1985－），女，江西吉安人，碩士，講師，主要研究方向為工程材料和增材制造。
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